If you’re an avid trekker, you’re likely familiar with the 3-Layer system of hiking clothes. However, this philosophy is just as important for the weekend trail warriors and novice adventures. The concept of layering may seem obvious, but its effective practice is relatively new in the trekking world. New synthetics and improved fabric working has developed clothing options that don’t just make trekking more comfortable, they make it safer.
The Three Layer System
Like most gear, your hiking apparel will change season-to-season, but the concept of layering is an important fundamental that can help in nearly all weather conditions.
The 3-layer system is most commonly used in cold weather, and it begins with your base layer. This is a breathable and moisture-wicking layer that fits snugly on your skin. The point of a base layer is to move moisture away from your body and regulate your natural body temperature. As temperatures increase, you’ll likely wear your base layer top as your sole layer
The second layer is your mid-layer. This layer should be lightweight yet insulated, and packable. Your mid-layer traps heat around your base layer and helps protect you from the elements. As temperatures increase throughout the day, it’s common to shed your mid-layer. Because of this, you’ll want to select a packable mid-layer that can comfortably be carried in your daypack.
The final layer is your outer layer. The purpose of the outer layer is to protect you, and your other layers, from the elements. An ideal outer layer is windproof and waterproof, and is typically worn in challenging elements. In severe cold, windy, or rainy environments, your outer layer will ensure the heat preserved by your mid and base layer isn’t quickly compromised.
Base layer Materials
You may have heard the phrase “cotton kills”. This phrase refers to the use of cotton as a base layer. Cotton is not great at wicking moisture, which means that it can get wet & stay wet, which in turn will lower your body temperature. Hypothermia is one of the most dangerous challenges a hiker can face, and cotton can be a major factor in causing its onset. An effective base layer is made from technical synthetics or, most popularly, natural wool.
Wool is perhaps the most effective base layer material due to its natural properties of moisture wicking, temperature regulation, and anti-bacterial fibers. Wool base layers are great at keeping you dry, warm, and reducing the smelly funk that comes with hiking. Plus, they are more environmentally-friendly than plastic-based synthetics.
Summertime Base Layers?
Before you hit your next trail, you may want to take a few minutes to reflect on your layering choices. Even in warm weather, you’ll want to ditch that old band t-shirt and opt for something built for physical activity.
Long-sleeve wool base layers come in lightweight, mid-weight, and heavyweight, meaning that there are options for all seasons. Even a hot-day hike can be improved with the usage of a lightweight wool base layer. You’ll stay cooler (thanks to the temperature regulation), get less sweaty (thanks for the moisture wicking), and smell better at the end of the day (thanks to the antibacterial fibers).
Enjoy the trails ahead in ultimate comfort by selecting a well-designed base layer. You’ll be glad you did.